Scripture: Galatians 4:21-31

I. Abraham’s two sons are two ways of

to God (Gal 4:21-23)

a. “According to the flesh” =

“…your very own son shall be your heir.” – Gen. 15:4

“And Hagar bore Abram a son, and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bore, Ishmael.” – Gen. 16:15

b. “Through promise” =

“As for Sarai your wife…I will give you a son by her.” – Gen. 17:15

“No, but Sarah your wife shall bear you a son, and you shall call his name Isaac.” – Gen. 17:19

“The Lord visited Sarah as he had said, and the Lord did to Sarah as he had promised.” – Gen. 21:1

II. Both are seen throughout

and are present

Reveal Answer

(Gal 4:24-27)

HAGAR
Ishmael, the son of slavery
Birth “according to the flesh”
Old Covenant
Mount Sinai
Present Jerusalem

SARAH
Isaac, the son of freedom
Birth “through the promise”
New Covenant
[Mount Zion] (cf. Heb. 12:22)
Heavenly Jerusalem

a. First leads to

(Gal 4:24-25)

b. Second leads to

(Gal 4:26-31)

“But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable angels in festal gathering, 23 and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect, 24 and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel.” – Heb. 12:22-24

“But Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, laughing.” – Gen. 21:9